Hamburg is the second-largest city in Germany (after Berlin), and, along with its central port, also the second-largest port in Europe (after Rotterdam), ninth-largest port in the world, and the most populous city in the European Union that is not a national capital. The city is home to approximately 1.8 million people, while the Hamburg metropolitan area (including parts of the neighbouring Federal States of Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein) has more than 4.7 million inhabitants.